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EYEWITNESS HISTORY
The American
Revolution
Updated Edition
David F. Burg
In memory of Richard William Burg
and Rollin Henry Rendlesham
The American Revolution, Updated Edition
Copyright © 2007, 2001 by David F. Burg
Maps on pages 427–439, copyright © 2007, 2001 by Infobase Publishing
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or
retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact:
Facts On File, Inc.
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New York NY 10001
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Burg, David F.
The American Revolution / David F. Burg—Updated ed.
p. cm.—(Eyewitness history)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-10: 0-8160-6482-2 ISBN-13: 978-0-8160-6482-3 (alk. paper)
1. United States—History—Revolution, 1775–1783—Personal narratives. 2. United States—
History—Revolution, 1775–1783—Sources. I. Title.
E275.A2B87 2007
973.3—dc22
2006033096
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Text design by Joan M. McEvoy
Cover design by Cathy Rincon
Maps by Sholto Ainslie
Printed in the United States of America
VB JM 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
C
ONTENTS
Acknowledgments
iv
Preface
v
Preface to the Updated Edition
vii
Introduction
viii
1. Prelude to Revolt: 1756–1774
1
2. Shots Heard Round the World: 1775
65
3. Declaring Independence: 1776
113
4. Victories and Losses: 1777
169
5. From Valley Forge to Vincennes: 1778
213
6. A Great Sea Battle: 1779
252
7. Defeat and Treachery: 1780
289
8. An Improbable Triumph: 1781
317
9. An Unpromising Outcome: 1782–1783
349
Appendix A: Documents
369
Appendix B: Biographies of Major Personalities
395
Appendix C: Maps
426
Notes
440
Bibliography
445
Index
453
A
CKNOWLEDGMENTS
The plethora of materials available on the era of the American Revolution forces
a certain happy dependence on the work of many others in preparing a book
such as this one, and so I would like to offer a broad thanks to the historians
of the era. I wish to thank the University of Kentucky Libraries and also the J.
Douglas Gay, Jr., Library at Transylvania University for the use of their collec-
tions and facilities. My special thanks to Robert W. Kenny, Jr., military researcher,
and Peter Harrington, curator of the Anne S. K. Brown Military Collection at
Brown University Library, for their kind help in providing photographs and
illustrations. For their assistance with photographs, I also thank the staffs of the
Library of Congress and the National Archives and Records Administration
and Martha King of the National Gallery of Canada. And I thank as well Gary
Berton, president of the Thomas Paine National Historical Association Museum,
for permission to quote from Paine’s works. Finally, once more, I thank my wife,
Helen Rendlesham Burg, for her patience and support and her friendly ear.
iv
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